Balance - As a basic principle of art (specifically of design), the definition of balance refers to the ways in which the elements (lines, shapes, colors, textures, etc.) of a piece are arranged. Balance can be symmetrical and asymmetrical.
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Emphasis - Emphasis is a principle of art which occurs any time an element of a piece is given dominance by the artist. In other words, the artist makes part of the work stand out, in order to draw the viewer's eye there first.
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Proportion - Proportion is a principle of art that describes the size, location or amount of one element to another (or to the whole) in a work. It has a great deal to do with the overall hamrony of an individual piece.
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Repetition - The principle of repetition simply means the reusing of the same or similar elements throughout your design. Repetition of certain design elements in a design will bring a clear sense of unity, consistency, and cohesiveness.
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Unity - A principle of art, unity occurs when all of the elements of a piece combine to make a balanced, harmonious, complete whole. Unity is another of those hard-to-describe art terms but, when it's present, your eye and brain are pleased to see it.
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Contrast - Contrast is a principle of art. When defining it, art experts refer to the arrangement of opposite elements (light vs. dark colors, rough vs. smooth textures, large vs. small shapes, etc.) in a piece so as to create visual interest, excitement and drama.
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Harmony - Harmony in visual design means all parts of the visual image relate to and
complement each other. Harmony pulls the pieces of a visual image together.
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Proximity - How close together or far apart items are to each other. Proximity creates a bond between page elements. How close together objects are placed can suggest a relationship. Objects placed further apart can suggest differences.
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Variety - Variety is a principle of design that refers to a way of combining visual elements to achieve intricate and complex relationships. It is a technique used by artists who wish to increase the visual interest of their work. Artwork that makes use of many different hues, values, lines, textures, and shapes reflects variety. Keeping the same size while changing the color can also show variety.
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